For ¯ ¨ example kuri (kúÂ) “sheep” and k¯ula (kûL) “rough and mean person” are not available in his ˙ dictionary. Kittel did not include in his dictionary the words containing letters ra (r) and la(L), if the ˙ same words appeared in old Kannada, with ra (R) and ra (z), possibly to avoid repetition. The Kittel’s dictionary as published in the original form in 1893 and its revised edition published in 1968 are very useful for the students and researchers even today. We have used the revised edition of the Kittel’s dictionary also. Mariappa Bhat, and it was published in 4 volumes by the University of Madras, in 1968. The Kittel’s dictionary was revised and enlarged by M. But we have maintained the Kittel’s version in order to highlight his editorial policy. Subsequently, most of the manuscripts are published. Now it is much more difficult to identify the source. Unfortunately, Kittel has not mentioned the name of the source where from he got the manuscripts, used by him. He collected the material from manuscripts also because the published books of old Kannada were a few at that time. The size of this dictionary is the largest of all the dictionaries written by the other missionaries. It included the old Kannada vocabulary also in a large quantity. Kittel’s Kannada English Dictionary Kittel’s Kannada English dictionary (1893) was written with great academic interest. It is also made available in the internet for quick reference. This book is a handy reference for researchers of Kannada and other Dravidian languages, to find the corresponding forms in cognate languages. Its revisedĮdition, Dravidian Etymological Dictionary Revised (DEDR) was published in 1984. This is the first etymological dictionary of Dravidian languages. Emeneau, the first edition of which was published in 1961. One of the greatest work for Dravidian languages including Kannada is Dravidian Etymological Dictionary (DED) by T. Kittel had a sound knowledge of all these new frontiers of linguistics. Caldwell, who applied the methods of historical and comparative method to Dravidian languages and published his book Comparative Grammar of Dravidian Languages in 1856. w¯ar Glossary of ˙ Kannada Words in 1891.Ĭomparative and Historical Linguistic Studies In the 19th century comparative and historical linguistic studies of Kannada and other Dravidian languages brought about sensational knowledge about human history, along with the history of Europeans, the ethnographic and linguistic history of the Aryans and the Dravidians in Iran and India. In the mean time, a Kannada scholar Ull¯al Narasingarao also prepared Kisam. Kittel, a missionary from Germany, came out in 1893. The culminating master dictionary Kannada English Dictionary by F. Ziegler prepared English Kannada School Dictionary in 1876. John Garret prepared A Manual of Kanarese and English Dictionary in 1871. It was revised by Daniel Sanderson in 1858. William Reeve prepared the first modern dictionary, Dictionary, Canarese and English in 1832. The Christian missionaries who came to India during British rule, started preparing dictionaries also. There are some others whose names and the authors only are available and the text has not been found so far.ĭictionary in modern period The need for a good dictionary was always being felt. There are a few more dictionaries written between the 17th and the 19th century, which are mainly the glossaries of Sanskrit works or commentaries on Sanskrit works. In 1640 S¯uryakavi wrote Kavi Kantha˙ ˙˙ ˙ h¯ara. In 1560 T¯on.t.ad¯arya wrote Karn¯ataka Sabdama mjari ˙ ˙ ˙ ´ and in 1600 Sri˙ng¯arakavi wrote Karn¯ataka Samj¯ıvana. In 1450 Catur¯asya Bommarasa prepared Catur¯asya Nighantu and in 1530 ˙˙ ´ Li˙ngamantri prepared Kabbigara Kaipidi. Karn¯ataka Sabdas¯ ara was also prepared in about 1400 by an author whose ˙ name is not known. ıku, followed by Abhinava Ma˙ngar¯aja, who prepared Abhina´ v¯abhidha¯ na in 1398. In about 1300, Vit.t.hala prepared Amarak¯os´ada T¯. In 1045 AD, N¯agavarma prepared Abhidha¯ na Vastuk¯os´a, a more detailed work. It is in the form of verse and was intended to help the poets to compose their poetical works. Short History of Kannada Lexicography The oldest available dictionary of Kannada is Ranna Kanda written by the poet Ranna in 996 AD. ISBN 978-4-86337-xxx-x Published by Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA) Tokyo University of Foreign Studies 3-11-1, Asahi-cho, Fuchu-shi, 183-8534, Tokyo N.Uˇcida & B.B.Rajapurohit Edited by J UN TAKASHIMAįirst published 2013 c 2013 Copyright ⃝ ˇ N.U CIDA & B.B.R AJAPUROHIT & J.TAKASHIMA Kannada-English Etymological Dictionary BY
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